II.2.3.1 Inoculation with yeasts

Definition :

Inoculation of a must, before or during its fermentation, with the help of a starter inoculum prepared either from indigenous yeasts or from selected yeasts.

Objectives :

II.2.3 Alcoholic fermentation

Definition:

Transformation of grape sugars into ethanol, carbon dioxide and secondary products.

Objective :

Production of wine.

Prescriptions :

a)        Fermentation can take place:

II.2.2.12 Use of Aspergillopepsin I to remove haze-forming proteins

Definition:

The addition to grape must of Aspergillopepsin I from Aspergillus spp. to remove haze-forming proteins.

Objectives:

To prevent protein haze in still white, rosé wines and sparkling wines.

Prescriptions:

II.2.2.11 Treatment of musts using adsorbent styrene-divinylbenzene beads

Definition:

Physical process of reduction or elimination of organoleptic deviations characterised as “earthy-musty” by the appropriate and controlled percolation of musts at a high flow rate through adsorbent styrene-divinylbenzene beads.

Objectives:

II.2.2.10 Treatment by continuous high pressure processes

Definition:

Operation for the elimination of wild microorganisms in musts by high pressure processing (above 200 MPa or 2000 bar) in continuous. In UHPH, the pressure is usually ranging 300-400 MPa.

Objectives:

II.2.2.9 Treatment using inactivated yeasts with guaranteed glutathione levels

Classification:

inactivated yeasts with guaranteed glutathione levels: processing aids

Definition:

Addition of inactivated yeasts whose cells have guaranteed reduced-glutathione levels.

Objectives:

II.2.2.8 Treatment of must with glutathione

Classification:

• Glutathione: additive

Definition:

Addition of glutathione to musts.

Objective:

II.2.2.7 Treatment with ascorbic acid

Classification:

• Ascorbic acid: additive
• Erythorbic acid: additive

Definition:

Addition of ascorbic acid to must.

Objectives:

II.2.2.6 Lysozyme treatment

Classification

• Lysozyme: Processing aid

Definition:

Addition of lysozyme to the must.

Objectives:

II.2.2.5 Protection under inert atmosphere

Classification:

• Nitrogen : processing aid
• Argon : processing aid

Definition :

Operation consistent with creating an inert atmosphere using nitrogen, carbon dioxide and/or argon.